Climatic controls refer to the various factors that influence and regulate the Earth's climate system. These controls can include both natural processes, such as solar radiation, ocean currents, and atmospheric circulation patterns, as well as human-induced factors, such as greenhouse gas emissions and land use changes. Researchers in this area study how these climatic controls interact and affect the Earth's climate, including temperature, precipitation, humidity, and other climatic variables. Understanding these controls is crucial for predicting future climate trends and assessing the impacts of climate change on ecosystems, human societies, and the planet as a whole.